1991–2020 normals · 2023 USDA zones

When can I plant?

Enter a ZIP code for the 2023 USDA hardiness zone and frost dates from the nearest qualified NOAA station. Planting windows come from the state extension guide cited on the page.

Start with a ZIP

Raised vegetable beds in warm sunlight, with ripe tomatoes, leafy greens, a straw hat, and a trowel stuck in the soil.

39,921 ZIP zones
6,241 qualified stations
998 cities with a nearby station

Pick a tool

Hands holding an open notebook of a sketched garden plan and colored pencils, next to potted seedlings on a wooden table.

ZIP lookupA ZIP code, the USDA zone, and the nearest NOAA station’s 32°F dates.

A wall calendar surrounded by vegetables, herbs, seed packets, and watering cans.

Planting calendarCrop windows only where a state extension guide is cited.

Gloved hands planting a young tomato seedling in dark soil, with a watering can and more seedlings beside the bed.

Is it inside a published window?Today’s date on your device, checked against a cited window.

An autumn vegetable garden with pumpkins, squash, cabbages, and leafy greens.

Fall back-calculatorDays from your seed packet, counted back from a first-32°F date.

Trays of seedlings on a bright windowsill, with seed packets and a spray bottle nearby.

Seed-starting countdownYour packet’s indoor weeks, counted back from a date you can see.

What a result is

The zone is the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone for that ZIP: the average annual extreme minimum temperature, in 5°F half-zones. The frost dates are not a forecast. They are probabilities from the 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals. A 10% last-freeze date is the later date, the one with only a 10% chance the last 32°F is still to come on or after it.

The probability guide explains the 10%, 50%, and 90% columns. Methodology names the files and the station rules.

City frost pages

Cities by state

Guides

All ten guides